Wednesday, 4 September 2013

TOP500 Supercomputers

The TOP500 table shows the 500 most powerful commercially available computer systems known.

Here is the list of first 10 supercomputer from TOP500 June 2013 list.


RankNameSiteCountryYearSegmentRmax (TFlop/s)Rpeak (TFlop/s)
1Tianhe-2 (MilkyWay-2)National University of Defense TechnologyChina2013Research3386354902
2TitanDOE/SC/Oak Ridge National LaboratoryUnited States2012Research1759027112.55
3SequoiaDOE/NNSA/LLNLUnited States2011Research1717320133
4K computerRIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science (AICS)Japan2011Research1051011280
5MiraDOE/SC/Argonne National LaboratoryUnited States2012Research858710066
6StampedeTexas Advanced Computing Center/Univ. of TexasUnited States2012Academic51688520
7JUQUEENForschungszentrum Juelich (FZJ)Germany2012Research50095872
8VulcanDOE/NNSA/LLNLUnited States2012Research42935033
9SuperMUCLeibniz RechenzentrumGermany2012Academic28973185
10Tianhe-1ANational Supercomputing Center in TianjinChina2010Research25664701



Here is the list of Indian supercomputer in TOP500 June 2013 list.



Rank Name Site Country Year Segment Rmax (TFlop/s) Rpeak (TFlop/s)
36 Prithvi Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune India 2013 Research 719 791
69 PARAM Yuva - II Center for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune India 2013 Research 387 529
89 iDataPlex DX360M4 National Center for Medium Range Weather Forecast, Noida India 2013 Research 318 350
95 Cluster Platform 3000 BL460c Gen8 CSIR Centre for Mathematical Modelling and Computer Simulation, Bangalore India 2012 Research 304 361
174 SAGA Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Trivandrum India 2012 Research 189 395
245 Cluster Platform 3000 BL460c Gen8 Manufacturing Company India 2013 Industry 149 176
291 EKA Computational Research Laboratories, TATA SONS India 2008 Industry 133 173
309 Cluster Platform 3000 BL460c Gen8 Semiconductor Company (F) India 2012 Industry 129 182
310 Cluster Platform 3000 BL460c Gen8 Semiconductor Company (F) India 2012 Industry 129 182
311 Cluster Platform 3000 BL460c Gen8 Network Company India 2013 Industry 129 180
439 Cluster Platform 3000 BL460c Gen8 IT Services Provider (B) India 2012 Industry 104 200

Top download the whole list of TOP500 Supercomputers click here






Tuesday, 3 September 2013

Microsoft CEO's email to staff on Nokia acquisition

Microsoft Corp has announced that it is buying Nokia's mobile phone business for 5.44 billion euros (Rs. 48027 Crores). Below is Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer's letter to employees on the acquisition.




From: Steve Ballmer
To: MS FTEs
Date: Sep. 2, 8:00 PM PDT (Sep. 3, 6:00 AM EET)
Subject: Accelerating Growth




We announced some exciting news today: We have entered into an agreement to purchase Nokia's Devices & Services business, which includes their smartphone and mobile phone businesses, their award-winning design team, manufacturing and assembly facilities around the world, and teams devoted to operations, sales, marketing and support.



For Microsoft, this is a bold step into the future and the next big phase of the transformation we announced on July 11.



We are very excited about the proposal to bring the best mobile device efforts of Microsoft and Nokia together. Our Windows Phone partnership over the past two and half years has yielded incredible work - the stunning Lumia 1020 is a great example. Our partnership has also yielded incredible growth. In fact, Nokia Windows Phones are the fastest-growing phones in the smartphone market.



Now is the time to build on this momentum and accelerate our share and profits in phones. Clearly, greater success with phones will strengthen the overall opportunity for us and our partners to deliver on our strategy to create a family of devices and services for individuals and businesses that empower people around the globe at home, at work and on the go, for the activities they value most.



We have laid out Microsoft's strategic rationale for this transaction in a presentation that I encourage you to read.



This is a smart acquisition for Microsoft, and a good deal for both companies. We are receiving incredible talent, technology and IP. We've all seen the amazing work that Nokia and Microsoft have done together.



Given our long partnership with Nokia and the many key Nokia leaders that are joining Microsoft, we expect a smooth transition and great execution.



As is always the case with an acquisition, the first priority is to keep driving through close, which we expect in the first quarter of 2014, following approval by Nokia's shareholders, regulatory approvals, and other closing conditions.



But I also know people will have some questions about what happens post-close. While details aren't final, here is what we know, and how we're generally approaching integration:



1. Stephen Elop will be coming back to Microsoft, and he will lead an expanded Devices team, which includes all of our current Devices and Studios work and most of the teams coming over from Nokia, reporting to me.



2. Julie Larson-Green will continue to run the Devices and Studios team, and will be focused on the big launches this fall including Xbox One and our Surface enhancements. Julie will be joining Stephen's team once the acquisition closes, and will work with him to shape the new organization.



3. As part of the acquisition, a number of key engineering leaders will be joining Microsoft from Nokia, reporting to Stephen in his new capacity: * Jo Harlow, who will continue to lead the Smart Devices team
* Timo Toikkanen, who will continue to lead the Mobile Phones team
* Stefan Pannenbecker, who will lead Design
* Juha Putkiranta, who will lead the integration effort on Nokia's behalf



4. Regarding the sales team, we plan to keep the Nokia field team, led by Chris Weber, intact and as the nexus of the devices sales effort, so that we can continue to build sales momentum. After the deal closes, Chris and his team will be placed under Kevin Turner. We will develop a single integrated team that is selling to operators, and there may be other integration opportunities that we can pursue. Kevin will work with Chris Weber and Chris Capossela to make those plans.



5. Our operating system team under Terry Myerson will continue unchanged, with a mission of supporting both first-party and third-party hardware innovation. We are committed to working with partners, helping them build great products and great businesses on our platform, and we believe this deal will increase our partner value proposition over time. The established rhythms and ways of working between Terry and his team and the incoming Nokia team will serve us well to ensure that we do not disrupt our building momentum.



6. We are planning to integrate all global marketing under Tami Reller and Mark Penn. It is very important that we pursue a unified brand and advertising strategy as soon as possible.



7. Finance, Legal, HR, Communications, DX / Evangelism, Customer Care and Business Development will integrate functionally at Microsoft. Sourcing, customer logistics and supply chain will be part of Stephen's Devices organization. ICM / IT will also integrate functionally for traditional IT roles. We will need to work through the implications for factory systems given the differing manufacturing processes and systems at both Nokia and Microsoft.



8. We plan to pursue a single set of supporting services for our devices, and we will figure out how to combine the great Nokia efforts into our Microsoft services as we go through the integration process.



9. There are no significant plans to shift where work is done in the world as we integrate, so we expect the Nokia teams to stay largely in place, geographically.



10. Tom Gibbons will lead the integration work for Microsoft. While today's announcement is big news, we have to stay heavily focused on running the current business. We have a huge fall and holiday season ahead of us, so we need to execute flawlessly and continue to drive our business forward. I have no doubt we will.

Monday, 2 September 2013

History of Indian rupee since Independence


The Indian currency has witnessed a roller-coaster journey since independence. Many geopolitical and economic developments have affected its movement in the last 66 years. Here is a broader look at the Indian rupee's journey since 1947: 


- India got freedom from British rule on Aug 15, 1947. At that time the Indian rupee was linked to the British pound and its value was at par with the American dollar. There was no foreign borrowings on India's balance sheet. 

- To finance welfare and development activities, especially with the introduction of the Five-Year Plan in 1951, the government started external borrowings. This required the devaluation of the rupee. 

- After independence, Indian choose to adopt a fixed rate currency regime. The rupee was pegged at 4.79 against a dollar between 1948 and 1966. 

- Two consecutive wars, one with China in 1962 and another one with Pakistan in 1965, resulted in a huge deficit on India's budget, forcing the government to devalue the currency to 7.57 against the dollar. 

- The rupee's link with the British currency was broken in 1971 and it was linked directly to the US dollar. 
- In 1975, the Indian rupee was linked to a basket of three currencies comprising the US dollar, the Japanese yen and the German mark. The value of the Indian rupee was pegged at 8.39 against a dollar. 
- In 1985 it was further devalued to 12 against a dollar. 

- India faced a serious balance of payment crisis in 1991 and was forced to sharply devalue its currency. The country was in the grip of high inflation, low growth and the foreign reserves were not even worth to meet three weeks of imports. Under these situation, the currency was devalued to 17.90 against a dollar. 

- The year 1993 is very important in Indian currency history. It was in this year when the currency was let free to flow with the market sentiments. The exchange rate was freed to be determined by the market, with provisions of intervention by the central bank under the situation of extreme volatility. In 1993, one was required to pay Rs.31.37 to get a dollar. 
- The rupee traded in the range of 40-50 between 2000-2010. It was mostly at around 45 against a dollar. It touched a high of 39 in 2007. The Indian currency has gradually depreciated since the global 2008 economic crisis. 
- Former finance minister Manmohan Singh, who is now the prime minister, was instrumental in liberalising the currency regime. The move led to a sharp jump in foreign investment inflows and boosted the economic growth. 

"India being a developing economy with high inflation, depreciation of the currency is quite natural," said Siddharth Shankar, an economic expert and advisor at brokerage firm KASSA. 

Shankar said the sharp depreciation as witnessed this year was hurting the economy. 

"Depreciation of rupee is good, so long as it is not volatile. A random depreciation that we have seen in the last few months is bad and it has hurt the economy," he said. 

The Indian currency hit a record all-time intra-day low of 68.85 before ending at 68.80 against a dollar on Aug 28 2013. 

Secure you mobile from theft.

========================================================
Application
===================================================

Android Device Manager
Doesn't matter if your phone is lost behind. Your most direct option for finding a 
lost Android phone is Google's newly introduced Android Device Manager (ADM) feature. Essentially an Android version of the iOS Find My iPhone service, ADM allows users to locate, track, ping, and, if need be, remotely wipe their devices-all from a web browser. 

The ping feature will ring the phone at maximum volume, even if it is set to vibrate or silent. If you figure you've dropped it somewhere outside of your immediate vicinity, log on to the ADM dashboard to see its location, anywhere in the world, to within a 22-meter radius. And if you discover you can't retrieve or recover the phone, ADM allows you to remotely wipe the device's contents (you will have to enable Factory Resets prior to losing the phone though). Plus, it's completely free and likely already installed. 

The one shortcoming? ADM does not offer a means of remotely locking your phone. Ring and full-on self-destruct are your only options. 


Bit Defender Anti-Theft
If you'd like a middle ground between doing nothing and obliterating everything on your phone from afar, take a look at BitDefender's Anti-Theft app. It allows you to locate and erase your phone, as ADM does, but throws in a remote lock as well. This keeps your phone secure against the prying eyes and wandering fingers until you pick it up. 

What's more, Bit Defender can only be uninstalled by authorized users. If someone tries to bypass that by swapping SIM cards, BD will text the new number to a phone of your choosing, force the phone to answer your call, and then remotely wipe the phone via SMS command. Once you get the thief on the line, you should probably yell something to the effect of, "IF I CAN'T HAVE HER, NO ONE WILL" just before sending the self-destruct text. Drama! Excitement! Destruction! 

These extra features don't come free; you have to pony up an annual subscription of
`260/annual. But given that the full anti-theft service extends to all your devices-laptops, phones, and tablets alike-that four bucks is a good investment. 

Lookout
Another solid option is Lookout Security & Antivirus by Lookout Mobile Security. This total security suite protects your phone against loss or theft as well as provides continuous protection against a variety of nasty bits of online code. 
For a minimal cost you get the antivirus service, backup and restore features to save and reload your Google contacts, photos, and call history, and a swath of sneaky anti-theft options. In addition to the standard map-based location, tracking and forced ringing features, Lookout also offers Signal Flare, which saves the phone's last known location when the battery dies, and the Lock Cam, which emails you a picture of anyone that incorrectly enters the lock screen combo three times. 



========================================================
 Plan B
===================================================


Bit Defender's a great choice, but what if you've lost your phone without installing it beforehand? There's always Plan B. 

Plan B is a remotely installed, barebones tracker app. First, open a browser window and log on to Google Play. Install the app onto your phone via Play, wait ten minutes for it to download and install, then text "locate" to your number from another phone. The app will triangulate its position based on Wi-Fi and GPS signals and send you a single email if it's sitting still, or continuously for a duration of 10 minutes if the device is on the move. You just have to keep texting "locate" until you catch up with it (and hope that the battery's still going). 



Find My iPhone
The original lost phone tracking service for iOS is still your best option. This free app locates and tracks your lost or stolen Apple devices-not just iPhones but iPads and MacBooks as well-not to mention ringing the unit, displaying a message for whoever finds it, and remotely lock or wipe the device altogether. The app is free on iTunes. 


GadgetTrak
For a little more advanced protection, GadgetTrak offers remotely activated GPS location tracking, push notifications to trick a thief into giving away his position, and the ability to use your lost phone's camera to take a picture of whomever took it from the comfort of your home. It'll cost you $4, but that's peanuts compared to a brand new phone. It uses use a combination of GPS, Wi-Fi positioning and cell tower triangulation to track location. Other features are Device alarm, secure encrypted backup, remote data wipe, SIM change detection and Tamper proof.

 

 


========================================================
 An ounce of prevention
===================================================


However useful these apps and services are, your best chances for success will come before you even lose your phone in the first place. 

Connecting people: Put your contact information somewhere on your phone that's easily accessible. Whether it's your email address engraved on the back (your resale value takes a hit) or putting it on your lockscreen (which doesn't do much if your battery dies) or both, you improve the odds of getting your phone back tremendously if you just give whoever finds it the means to get in touch. 

Get registered: The department of Telecommunications (DoT) has given the go-ahead to US- based Telcordia Technologies for carrying out a trial run of the central registry for mobile handsets from January 2013 to demonstrate how effective it is in checking and detecting mobile phone thefts.

Once the service gets going, the company will also be entrusted with maintaining the database for International Mobile Equipment Identity ( IMEI) numbers of all handsets being used in India.



Saturday, 31 August 2013

Food Security Bill


Cyberspying: Government may ban Gmail for official communication.


Government will soon ask all its employees to stop using Google's Gmail for official communication, a move intended to increase security of confidential government information after revelations of widespread cyberspying by the US.



A senior official in the ministry of communications and information technology said the government plans to send a formal notification to nearly 5 lakh employees barring them from email service providers such as Gmail that have their servers in the US, and instead asking them to stick to the official email service provided by India's National Informatics Centre.

"Gmail data of Indian users resides in other countries as the servers are located outside. Currently, we are looking to address this in the government domain, where there are large amounts of critical data," said J Satyanarayana, secretary in the department of electronics and information technology. 

Snowden fallout
The move comes in the wake of revelations by former US National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden that the US government had direct access to large amounts of personal data on the internet such as emails and chat messages from companies like Google, Facebook and Apple through a programme called PRISM. 

Documents leaked by Snowden showed that NSA may have accessed network infrastructure in many countries, causing concerns of potential security threats and data breaches. Even as the new policy is being formulated, there has been no mention yet of how compliance will be ensured.

Several senior government officials in India, including ministers of state for communications & IT Milind Deora and Kruparani Killi, have their Gmail IDs listed in government portals as their official email. 

A Google India spokeswoman said the company has not been informed about the ban, and hence it cannot comment on speculation. "Nothing is documented so far, so for us, it is still speculation," Google said in an email response. 

A senior official in the IT department admitted on condition of anonymity that employees turn to service providers such as Gmail because of the ease of use compared with official email services, as well as the bureaucratic processes that govern creation of new accounts. 

"You can just go and create an account in Gmail easily, whereas for a government account, you have to go through a process because we have to ensure that he is a genuine government user." 

Last week, IT Minister Kapil Sibal said the new policy would require all government officials living abroad to use NIC servers that are directly linked to a server in India while accessing government email services. Sibal said there has been no evidence of the US accessing Internet data from India.

Sunil Abraham, executive director of Bangalore-based research firm Centre for Internet and Society, said he agrees with the government's decision to ban Gmail for official communication and that any official violating this needs to be punished. 

"After Snowden's revelations, we can never be sure to what extent foreign governments are intercepting government emails," he said. Abraham, however, called the government's decision a "late reaction", as the use of Gmail and other free email services by bureaucrats has increased in the past. 

"Use of official government email would also make it easier to achieve greater transparency and anti-corruption initiatives. Ministers, intelligence and law enforcement officials should not be allowed to use alternate email providers under any circumstance."



India's new mobile radiation norms from September 1




Companies manufacturing or importing mobile phones for sale in India will have to ensure that the handsets are compliant with new radiation norms that will be effective from September 1.


As per the new rule put in place by Telecom Ministry, the exposure of radiation emitted from a mobile phone over a gram of human tissue should not be more than 1.6 watt if a consumer uses it for six minutes.

All companies will have to display radiation emitted from mobile phones on the handset in terms of SAR (specific absorption rate) unit.

"With the new SAR norm, India would become one of few countries that are following the most stringent norm of 1.6 watt per kg average over six minutes period on 1 gram of human tissue. All legal and ethical companies doing business here are compliant to it," Indian Cellular Association's National President Pankaj Mohindroo said.

He said that ICA has requested the commerce ministry early this month to put restrictions on imports of non-compliant handsets.

According to a Department of Telecom official, old stock of handsets available in Indian market can be sold but no fresh stock of non-compliant mobile phones will be allowed to be sold from September 1.

Bureau of India Standards is also working on certain norms which are expected to provide clause for seizure of non-compliant handsets, the official said.